He aha te tikanga o te tauwehenga mimiti o ngā pūnga kiriata? He pai ake te iti?

I mua i te whakaurunga o te tauwehenga mimiti o ngā pūnga kiriata, me titiro tātou ki te aha te dielectric, te polarization o te dielectric me te āhuatanga mimiti o te pūnga.

Hikohiko-ā-ira

He matū kore-arataki te matū-whakarewa, arā, he ārai hiko, kāore he utu ā-roto e taea te neke. Mēnā ka whakanohoia he matū-whakarewa ki roto i tētahi mara hiko-pūmau, ka mahi ngā irahiko me ngā karihi o ngā ngota hiko-whakarewa i te "nekehanga whanaunga mōkito" i roto i te whānuitanga ngota i raro i te mahi a te kaha o te mara hiko, engari kāore i te "nekehanga mōkito" atu i te ngota e noho ana rātou, pērā i ngā irahiko kore utu i roto i tētahi arataki. Ina tae ki te taurite hiko-pūmau, kāore te kaha o te mara i roto i te arataki i te kore. Koinei te rerekētanga matua i waenga i ngā āhuatanga hiko o ngā matū-whakarewa me ngā arataki.

Te whakapōrotanga o te hikohiko

I raro i te mahi a te mara hiko e whakamahia ana, ka puta he autō rua matotoru i roto i te dielectric i te ahunga o te mara hiko, ā, ka puta he utu here i runga i te mata dielectric, koinei te pōraritanga o te dielectric.

Te āhuatanga mimiti

Ko te āhuatanga whakaroa wā i roto i te tukanga utu me te tukunga o te pūnga hiko i puta mai i te pōroiti puhoi o te dielectric i raro i te mahi a te mara hiko e whakamahia ana. Ko te māramatanga whānui ko te hiahia kia utua katoatia te pūnga hiko i taua wā tonu, engari kāore e whakakīia tonutia; me tuku katoa te utu e te pūnga hiko, engari kāore e tukuna, ā, ka puta te āhuatanga whakaroa wā.

Tauwehenga mimiti o te pūnga kiriata

Ko te uara e whakamahia ana hei whakaahua i te āhuatanga mimiti hikohiko o ngā pūnga kiriata ka kiia ko te tauwehenga mimiti, ā, e tohuhia ana e Ka. Ko te pānga mimiti hikohiko o ngā pūnga kiriata ka whakatau i ngā āhuatanga auau iti o ngā pūnga, ā, he rerekē rawa te uara Ka mō ngā pūnga hikohiko rerekē. He rerekē ngā hua ine mō ngā roanga whakamātautau rerekē o te pūnga kotahi; he rerekē anō hoki te uara Ka mō ngā pūnga o te whakatakotoranga kotahi, ngā kaihanga rerekē, me ngā puranga rerekē.

Nō reira, e rua ngā pātai inaianei-

P1. He iti rawa te tauwehenga mimiti o ngā pūnga kiriata?

P2. He aha ngā pānga kino o te nui ake o te tauwehenga mimiti?

A1:

I raro i te mahi a te mara hiko e whakamahia ana: ko te iti o te Ka (ko te iti o te tauwehenga mimiti) → ko te ngoikore o te pōraritanga o te dielectric (arā, te ārai) → ko te iti o te kaha here i runga i te mata dielectric → ko te iti o te kaha here o te dielectric i runga i te kukume utu → ko te ngoikore o te āhuatanga mimiti o te capacitor → ka tere ake te utu me te tukunga o te capacitor. Āhua pai: Ko te Ka he 0, arā, ko te tauwehenga mimiti he 0, kāore he āhuatanga pōraritanga o te dielectric (arā, te ārai) i raro i te mahi a te mara hiko e whakamahia ana, kāore he kaha here kukume o te mata dielectric i runga i te utu, ā, kāore he hysteresis o te urupare utu me te tukunga o te capacitor. Nō reira, ko te iti o te tauwehenga mimiti o te capacitor kiriata he pai ake.

A2:

Ko te pānga o tētahi pūnga hiko me te uara Ka nui rawa i runga i ngā ara iahiko rerekē ka puta i roto i ngā āhua rerekē, penei:

1) Ka huri ngā ara iahiko rerekē hei ara iahiko hono

2) Ka nui ake te hokinga mai o te ngaru niho kani i te ara iahiko niho kani, ā, kāore e taea e te ara iahiko te whakaora wawe.

3) Ngā here, ngā rawhi, te whakapōturitanga o te putanga ngaru whaiti

4) Ka nui haere te pūmau wā o te tātari whakangawari auau tino iti

(5) Kua whakararuraruhia te pūwāhi kore o te whakakaha DC, ka nekeneke te ara kotahi

6）Ka heke te tika o te tauira me te ara iahiko pupuri

7) Te nekenekehanga o te pūwāhi whakahaere DC o te whakakaha raina

8) Te pikinga ake o te ripple i roto i te ara iahiko tuku hiko

Ko te mahi katoa o te pānga mimiti hiko i runga ake nei e kore e taea te wehe i te mauri o te "haumaru" o te pūnga, arā, i roto i te wā kua tohua, kāore te utu e utua ki te uara e tumanakohia ana, ā, ko te tukunga anō hoki.

He rerekē te ātete ārai (te ia turuturu rānei) o tētahi pūnga hiko he nui ake te uara Ka i tērā o tētahi pūnga hiko pai rawa atu (Ka=0) nā te mea ka piki ake i te roanga o te wā whakamātautau (ka heke te ia turuturu). Ko te wā whakamātautau ia o nāianei kua tohua i Haina he kotahi meneti.